Spaghetti Western
Director ~ George Lincoln
George Lincoln was
an alias used by Italian director Riccardo an Italian film director known for
his prolific and versatile career in popular Italian cinema, spanning
historical adventures, sword-and-sandal epics, grand melodramas, and pioneering
works in gothic horror.
Born in Alexandria, Egypt, to Italian parents
on February 24, 1909, he spent his early years there before moving to Milan and
later Rome, where he initially worked as a sculptor, newspaper art critic, and
in various film roles including screenwriter, set designer, and editor before
making his directorial debut with “Don Cesare di Bazan” in 1942. Freda
deliberately positioned himself against the dominant neorealist movement,
embracing instead an "American-style" approach that emphasized
action, visual spectacle, and rapid production—often completing elaborate
costume dramas in just weeks—while drawing inspiration from literary classics,
opera, and silent cinema.
His work across
genres demonstrated a distinctive style marked by dynamic camera movements,
such as sweeping dolly and crane shots, and a flair for creating convincing
period settings on modest budgets. Freda achieved notable success with films
like “Black Eagle” (1946), “Les Misérables” (1947), “Beatrice Cenci” (1956),
and peplum adventures including several Maciste entries in the early 1960s, but
he is especially celebrated for helping revive Italian horror through “I
Vampiri” (1957) and later gothic masterpieces such as “The Horrible Dr.
Hichcock” (1962) and “The Ghost” (1963), frequently collaborating with
cinematographer Mario Bava and actresses like Gianna Maria Canale and Barbara
Steele.
Although initially
dismissed by many Italian critics who favored neorealism, Freda's reputation
grew internationally—particularly among French cinephiles and later cult
audiences—for his technical ingenuity, iconoclastic attitude, and ability to
infuse genre work with visual and thematic ambition.
He directed under pseudonyms like Robert
Hampton for some genre projects and continued working into the 1980s, with his
final film “Murder Obsession” (1981) reflecting his enduring interest in morbid
melodrama.
Freda died in Rome on December 20, 1999 at the
age of 90.
Riccardo Freda as
George Lincoln he directed one Spaghetti western, “La morte non conta i dollari”
Death at Owell Rock” in 1966
LINCOLN, George (aka Robert
Davidson, Richard Freda, Robert Hampton, Robert Hamton, Dick Jordan, Willy
Pareta, Willy Pareto, Riccardo Santelmi) (Riccardo
Freda) [2/24/1909, Alexandria, Egypt
– 12/20/1999, Rome, Lazio, Italy] – producer, director assistant director,
writer, songwriter, film editor, married to actress Gianna Maria Canale
[1927-2009] (1951-1999).
Death at Owell Rock –
1966
Spaghetti Western
Screenwriter ~ Antonio Jimenez Escribano
Antonio Jiménez
Escribano wass a Spanish actor and screenwriter known for his prolific career
in supporting roles across a wide range of Spanish and European genre films
from the late 1950s to the early 1970s.
Born on April 27,
1902, in Salamanca, Spain, he appeared in numerous productions encompassing
costumbrista cinema, comedies, adventure films, spaghetti westerns, thrillers,
and low-budget international coproductions, while also contributing screenplays
to several projects.
His filmography
includes notable Spanish titles such as ''Los golfos'', ''El cochecito'',
''Nueve cartas a Berta'', and ''Miss Muerte'', as well as contributions to
international genre works in horror, westerns, and spy films.
He is recognized for his versatility in
character roles within the vibrant Spanish cinema scene of the mid-20th
century, often collaborating on coproductions shot in Spain and Italy.
Antonio Jiménez
Escribano's screenwriting contributions were brief and limited to co-writing
three Western films during the mid-1960s, a time when he was most active as an
actor. These represent his only known credits in this capacity. Escribano passed
away on August 7, 1972, in Madrid, Spain at the age of70.
He co-wrote the
screenplay for “Relevo para un pistolero” with Luis Gaspar and “Los cuatreros”
(Shoot to Kill) with Gregorio Almendros Perez, Ramón Torrado and Fernando
Butragueño both in 1964 and “Tumba para un forajido” (Tomb for an Outlaw) with
José Luis Madrid in 1965.
ESCRIBANO, Antonio Jimenez (aka A. Giménez
Escribano, A. Jimenez Escribano, A. Jiménez Escribano, A.G. Escribano, Antonio
G. Escribano, Antonio Gimenez Escribano, Antonio Giménez Escribano, Antonio
Escribano, Antonio J. Escribano, Antº Gimenez Escribano, Antº Giménez
Escribano, Antº J. Escribano, Antonio Gimenez, Giménez-Escribano, Antonio
Jiménez) (Antonio Giménez Escribano) [4/27/1902, Salamanca, Salamanca,
Castilla y León, Spain – 8/7/1972, Madrid, Madrid, Spain] – writer, actor.
Relevo para un
pistolero – 1964 (co)
Shoot to Kill – 1964
(co)
Tomb for an Outlaw –
1965 (co) [as Antonio G.
Escribano]
Spaghetti Western
Cinematographer ~ Giorgio Regis
Giorgio Rios is/was
an Italian cameraman and cinematographer. He frequently worked within Italian
genre cinema, including Spaghetti westerns, Eurospy films, and comedies, serving
in the camera and electrical departments. As a cameraman he worked on eighteen
films from 1960 to 1982. He worked as a cinematographer on only one film and
that was a Spaghetti western.
I can find no
biographical information on him.
Giorgio Regis was a
cinematographer on one Spaghetti western, “…e alla fine lo chiamarono Jerusalem
l’implacabile” (Panhandle Caliber .38) in 1971. He was also a cameraman on four
other Spaghetti westerns: “Per qualche dollaro in meno” (For a Few Dollars
Less) in 1966, “Lola Colt” (Black Tigress) and “Un minuto per pregare, un
istante per morire” (A Minute to Pray, a Second to Die) both in 1967 and “...e
venne il tempo di uccidere” (Tequila Joe) in 1968.
REGIS, Giorgio (aka Giorgio
Reggis) [Italian] – cinematographer, cameraman.
For a Few Dollars
Less – 1966 [cameraman]
Black Tigress – 1967
[cameraman]
A Minute to Pray, a
Second to Die – 1967 [cameraman]
Tequila Joe – 1968
[cameraman]
Panhandle Caliber
.38 – 1971 [cinematographer]